Dental technology refers to the application of scientific and technological advancements in dentistry. It involves the use of various tools, equipment, and materials to improve the diagnosis, treatment, and overall patient experience in dental procedures. It has evolved significantly over the years, incorporating digital imaging, computer-aided design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM), and other innovative techniques to enhance dental treatments.

Dentistry is a field of medicine that focuses on the identification, avoidance, and treatment of diseases that affect the mouth and its supporting tissues. It encompasses a wide range of dental care services, including the maintenance of oral health, the diagnosis and treatment of oral diseases, and the restoration and replacement of teeth.

The field of dentistry plays a crucial role in promoting overall health and well-being. Oral health is essential for proper nutrition, speech, and self-esteem. Dental professionals, such as dentists and dental hygienists, work together to provide comprehensive oral care to patients of all ages.

Dental professionals rely on a variety of diagnostic and therapeutic techniques to address different oral health issues. Some common dental procedures include dental cleanings, fillings, root canals, tooth extractions, orthodontic treatments, and cosmetic dentistry procedures like teeth whitening and dental implants.

Dentistry also extends beyond clinical practice. Dental research and education play crucial roles in advancing the field, promoting evidence-based practices, and training future dental professionals. Dental schools and continuing education programs provide comprehensive training to dentists and dental technicians, ensuring they stay up to date with the latest advancements in dental technology and patient care.

Over the years, dental technology has significantly evolved, incorporating innovative techniques and technologies that have revolutionized the field of dentistry. Here are some key areas where dental technology has made a significant impact:

• Digital Imaging: Digital radiography and imaging systems have replaced traditional X-ray films, offering enhanced diagnostic capabilities with reduced radiation exposure. Digital imaging allows dentists to obtain high-resolution images of the teeth, jawbones, and surrounding structures, aiding in accurate diagnoses and treatment planning.

• Computer-Aided Design and Manufacturing (CAD/CAM): CAD/CAM technology enables the creation of precise and custom-designed dental restorations such as crowns, bridges, and veneers. With CAD/CAM systems, a digital impression of the patient’s teeth is obtained, and the restoration is milled from a block of ceramic or composite material, resulting in improved accuracy, aesthetics, and efficiency compared to traditional methods.

• Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT): CBCT is a specialized imaging technique that provides three-dimensional images of the patient’s oral and maxillofacial structures. It allows dentists to visualize complex anatomical details, assess bone density, and plan treatments such as dental implant placement and orthodontic procedures with greater precision.

• Laser Dentistry: Lasers have found numerous applications in dentistry, including gum disease treatment, cavity preparation, soft tissue surgeries, and teeth whitening. Dental lasers offer precise and minimally invasive treatments, reduced bleeding, faster healing times, and improved patient comfort.

• Intraoral Scanners: Intraoral scanners capture digital impressions of the patient’s teeth and oral tissues, eliminating the need for traditional dental impressions using impression materials. These scanners provide highly accurate 3D models, improving the fit and aesthetics of dental restorations and reducing patient discomfort.

• 3D Printing: Additive manufacturing, or 3D printing, has revolutionized the dental field by allowing the fabrication of dental models, surgical guides, and custom dental appliances with exceptional precision. 3D printing enables faster turnaround times, cost-effectiveness, and customization in dental treatments.

• Teledentistry: Teledentistry utilizes digital communication technology to remotely provide dental consultations, monitoring, and treatment planning. It enables dentists to reach patients in remote areas, provide virtual assessments, and offer guidance and recommendations without the need for in-person visits.

These advancements in dental technology have transformed the field, enhancing diagnostic capabilities, treatment precision, patient comfort, and overall outcomes. Dental professionals continue to embrace emerging technologies to improve the delivery of dental care and provide patients with the highest quality of oral health services.

In conclusion, dentistry and dental technology are integral components of healthcare that focus on maintaining oral health, diagnosing and treating oral diseases, and restoring and replacing teeth. Dentistry plays a crucial role in promoting overall health and well-being, as oral health is essential for proper nutrition, speech, and self-esteem.

Dental technology has significantly advanced over the years, incorporating scientific and technological innovations to enhance dental treatments and improve patient outcomes. Digital imaging, computer-aided design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM), cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), laser dentistry, intraoral scanners, 3D printing, and teledentistry are just a few examples of the transformative technologies used in dentistry today.

These advancements have revolutionized various aspects of dental care, including diagnostics, treatment planning, restorative procedures, orthodontics, and oral surgeries. They have improved the accuracy, efficiency, and precision of dental treatments, leading to enhanced patient experiences and outcomes.

Moreover, dental technology has contributed to minimizing patient discomfort, reducing treatment times, and promoting faster healing. It has also allowed for the customization and personalization of dental restorations and appliances, improving aesthetics and patient satisfaction.

The ongoing development and integration of dental technology continue to push the boundaries of dentistry, enabling dental professionals to provide state-of-the-art care. Dental research and education play essential roles in advancing the field, promoting evidence-based practices, and training future dental professionals to stay abreast of the latest advancements.

Overall, dentistry and dental technology work hand in hand to ensure the provision of comprehensive, efficient, and patient-centered oral care. As technology continues to evolve, the future of dentistry holds even more promising possibilities for enhancing oral health and transforming the patient experience. Study at Best Dental College in Kerala to advanced dentistry.

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Let’s look at some interesting facts about our oral health.

• Don’t you know that teeth are formed before our birth?

Yes! For many newborn babies just after, we can notice teeth in their mouth, not in every baby but, In some, it is happening like that. Old people or our ancestors thought that having a tooth before birth is bad luck for the child. It may affect the growth of the child, and the kid should only form his first teeth as milk teeth.

• One of the hardest things in the human body is the human tooth.

It cannot be said that teeth are only the hardest thing in the human body but, teeth are one of the hardest things in the human body. The enamel of the teeth makes them harder and stronger. Try to eat foods that make your teeth stronger and harder. If we keep our teeth healthier and hygienic, our teeth will be stronger and harder.

• We can even maintain our teeth according to our wishes straight and aligned.

Yes! Technologies are more advanced and now we have all types of remedies for our issues. The use of an aligner is so comfortable for our daily routine and it is much easier to manage. So, make use of those facilities accordingly which makes us much more comfortable and happier especially in dental health.

• We have our own identities by the way we all have our own unique teeth too.

It’s another interesting fact about our dental health and teeth. It varies accordingly. We all have different and unique teeth. If twins vary in the case of teeth. Teeth are unique like our thumb prints. Even if our smiles are the same as our siblings, parents, or whatever ever our teeth won’t be the same. It is unique.

• Our way of speech is too important, and teeth play a major role in it.

The mouth Is essential for speech. Teeth influence airflow out of the mouth, assisting the lips, tongue, and other facial muscles in word formation. Certain sounds are produced when the tongue strikes the teeth or the roof of the mouth. Our teeth chew, chop, and ground food when we eat it so that it may be swallowed. Teeth play a massive role in speech so, it is your duty to take care of them.

• Oral hygiene makes dentists away for a while.

Yes! It is, if we properly brush our teeth and keep them clean we can avoid many dental issues by avoiding these dental issues we can make the dentist away. By the way, dental health is more important. The main fact about teeth is, brush your teeth twice a day! And does anyone do it properly, No! that’s it. Dental health is connected to our full-body health. Make ourselves healthier.

• Oral health is connected and linked with overall health.

It’s true! As we all know there are many veins directly and indirectly connected to our brain. Not only to many other important points of the body. So, if we are careless about dental health, we will cry about our overall health. Just make yourself aligned for some healthy thoughts and make your body and mind healthy.

Dental health is not a silly thing. teeth are our identity so, make them healthy and shining. Make your dental health strong and keep the dentist away.

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Dental Radiographs, commonly known as X-rays ,are used to diagnose hidden dental structures, bone loss and cavities . It helps them see the condition of your teeth, roots, jaw placement and facial bone compositions . In children X-rays allow the dentist to see how their teeth and jawbones are developing .Getting dental X-rays is must for all age groups when doing so, you eliminate the risk of tooth and gum diseases sneaking past your implacable dental hygiene .The risk from a single dental x-ray image is very small.

Taking x-rays in every 2-3 years can ensure our dental health. Its good to avoid any type of dental issues before it becomes serious. For getting the detailed analysis of your dental health ,dental x-rays are too good.

 What’s the need of dental x-rays​?

• Dental x-rays can easily track a minor decay in your teeth.
• Infections in root as well as in tooth we can identify.
• Tumors
• Mainly helps in the process of root canal.

By taking a simple x-ray we can easily diagnose many dental problems but, without taking a dental x-ray many dental problems gets undiagnosed.

Is dental x-rays are good for children?

Many of us think about the impact of radiation but, it is about a low rate of radiation. there is no need of any worry about dental x-rays and its radiation for children. Dental x-rays plays an important role in the young patients. The amount of radiation by taking an dental x-ray is considered as safe by the medical science.

Do x-rays affect pregnancy?

During pregnancy radiations are not good for the baby as well as the mother. Even a small radiation can cause big problems. especially in time of pregnancy avoid dental x-rays. Speak to the dentist about your pregnancy. he/she can  manage it in another way. So, don’t even try to take  dental x-ray during pregnancy. It affects the mental and physical growth of the baby. It also affects mother’s health too.

However dental x-rays are safe and highly effective for dental health. In time of any other situation related to the physical conditions , inform the dentist about that and make the dental x-ray and its radiation level minimum .There is no need of any risk in dental x-rays ,it helps us to clear many big and small dental issues. To have a better and healthy teeth radiographic features are important. So, don’t make yourself to think too much about this dental x-rays and radiations .Its all about a simple and effective process.

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Now let us see how oral health is connected to overall health.

As we all know our mouth is the entry point of bacteria’s and in most cases is harmless. These harmless bacteria enter through our mouth to our respiratory tracts and to our stomach. Some of the best practices we do daily is brushing, without proper oral hygiene there are high chances that you catch oral infections like tooth decay and gum diseases. Thus, good oral health is considered as the body’s natural defence. Flossing is also another method of preventing bacteria causing germs. Saliva plays a major role in washing away food and neutralising acids caused by germs, these can help you prevent microbes that has a tendency to multiple which led to other infections and diseases. There are some medicines which can reduce saliva flow like decongestants, painkillers, antidepressants and diuretics. Studies have found that bacteria caused in mouth and certain other inflations which can cause severe gum diseases. There are certain other diseases like AIDS/HIV, it can reduce the body’s resistance to infections.

Some of the diseases which are linked to oral health:

1. Cardiovascular diseases: studies have not fully found the reason for cardiovascular disease through mouth bacteria but it is proved that heart diseases are caused because of clogged arteries which can lead to stroke. This might the reason of inflammation and infection in your mouth, it can be because poor oral hygiene. Thus, maintaining a good oral hygiene is important for your health.
2. Endocarditis: it is the form of infection which is found in the inner lining of your heart chambers or valves. This happens when the germs and bacteria from your body particularly from your mouth, they spread through your blood streams and it gets attached to your areas of the heart.
3. Premature birth or birth complications: the form of dentistry known as periodontitis can be linked with premature birth and low birth weight.
4. Pneumonia: pneumonia is an infection which may affect the lungs by filling in with fluid. The bacteria in your mouth will be pulled into your lungs and this may cause certain health conditions and respiratory problems.
5. Diabetes: diabetes is a well-known term for most of us, your body becomes resistant to infections and diseases. If you’re high with diabetes then you will be more prone to severe gum disease. Having a regular periodontal care is important and it can improve diabetes control.
6. Osteoporosis: it is basically linked and related with periodontal bone loss and tooth loss. The treatment for osteoporosis contains certain drug which can be a slight risk of damage to the bones of the jaw.
7. Alzheimer’s disease: this condition can be caused because of bad eating disorders, rheumatoid arthritis, various types of cancer and even immune system disorder.

Various ways to protect oral health which can also improve overall health.

Firstly, you need to make it a routine and practice good oral hygiene: –

• Make it a routine to brush your teeth twice a day for two minutes each or after every meal. Use only soft bristled brush because brushing with a hard bristle brush can damage the enamel of the teeth and it can also lead to severe gum diseases and make sure you use fluoride toothpaste.
• Flossing daily is important to improve oral hygiene.
• Make it a practise to use mouthwash to washout bacteria’s and food particles after the meal. A mouthwash also removes bad breath too.
• Start eating healthy food and maintain a diet with less sugar and carbonated drinks.
• Replacing your toothbrush every three to four months is important.
• Regular visit to your dentist and do regular checkups and cleaning.
• Avoid smoking as it is injurious to your oral health and your overall health

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Now we will see different ways to improve your oral hygiene: –

Dental health plays a very important role in your overall health conditions. So, if you don’t take proper care for your teeth then there are chances of having health problems like heart diseases and respiratory problems.

Top 10 ways to make your oral health perfect.

1.You need to brush your teeth three times a day.

Brushing your teeth after every meal can prevent from food being stuck in your gums and teeth, this can ensure you’re getting proper cleaning. Brushing after every meal can also prevent your teeth from gum diseases and bad breath. The process of brushing should be for about two to three minutes, and that too in all the areas of the mouth not just a certain area.

2.You need to choose your toothbrush wisely, and make sure you change it once in a while.

This is something many of you don’t practise in your daily life. There are a lot of options in the market which are marketed as soft bristled and even electronic toothbrushes, these are the best available options for your teeth. These soft bristles are an excellent choice for gentle cleaning which doesn’t damage the gums and provide a long-term damage protection. The side effects of brushing hard on teeth is that it can lead to receding gums and enamel loss. It is said that you need to change your toothbrushes every three months of use. If you’re not sure about the what toothbrush you need to use then go visit your nearby dentist.

3.Quit smoking

As we all know smoking is injurious to health and it can cause mouth cancers and lung disorders. The major reason that effect is your teeth is that it can cause tooth discolouration and bad breath. Smokers can easily get effected with weakened teeth and weakened teeth.

4.You need to floss regularly.

Flossing is an important part in our dental hygiene but many of them fail to do so. It is the process of removing food particles that gets stuck in between our teeth. Doing the flossing method at least once a day or even after each meal can help you maintain your gums health and prevent it from occurring cavities. Gum bleeding is something many of them worry about but it because you have gingivitis or poor gum health. This can be corrected if you do it more often so your gum health will improve over time.

5.Have a limit for your coffee intake

Most of us are a big fan of coffee, but we do not realise how badly that affects us, it includes all dark coloured drinks like coffee and red wine. This can create cracks and ridges of your enamel which can cause yellow stains in your teeth. This is an information most of us don’t know, it is that coffee contains an acid which can wear out your enamel, as it can eventually lead to tooth decay.

6.Have a control on your sugar intake

as we earlier talked about the intake of coffee, sugar is a major factor for your tooth decay. All the carbonated and non-carbonated drinks are sugary, even desserts and alcoholic beverages can affect you with cavities. Cavities are caused by bacteria’s which can cause infections in your mouth. If you cut sugar from your diet, you can see a lot of difference and this can keep your teeth cavity free.

7.Tongue is the major attention

Just like you take care about your teeth, your tongue also needs attention. To remove all the bacteria causing germs from your mouth then go for a tongue scrapper or a toothbrush with scraper on the back. These scrapers can help you remove bacteria and improve your breath. As you go forward, practise the use of tongue scrappers, this method can keep your oral hygiene perfect.

8.Maintain a nutritious diet

Including crunchier vegetables and fruits in your diet is important, it can stimulate fighting cavities. Chewing crunchier fruits and vegetables can keep your teeth clean and healthy by avoiding cavities. You might also want to include other nutritious diets like grains, chicken and fish, this will not only improve oral health but also your overall health.

9.Usage of anti-bacterial mouthwash

Mouthwashes are an important part in your oral hygiene. This can give you added benefits like it fights again bad breath and it gets into your cervices and soft tissues of your mouth and gives you the perfect oral hygiene.

10.Visit your dentist regularly.

It is common among patients that, you only visit your doctors when something goes wrong. It is said that “prevention is better than cure”, they might even suggest x-rays and regular cleaning. Thus, visiting your doctor regularly is important. Make it a routine to visit your nearby doctors before your oral hygiene gets worse. Talk about your issues and worries to your doctors so that they can find a perfect solution for your mouth.

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TEETH SENSITIVITY  

Teeth sensitivity is the discomfort experienced due to hot, cold, sweet and sour foods and drinks or even by breathing cold air. The resulting pain can be sudden, sharp and can even shoot deep into the tooth’s nerve endings.  

This happens when the underlying layer of your teeth, known as the dentin, becomes exposed as the result of receding gum tissue. The roots which are not covered by the enamel, contain thousands of tubules leading to the pulp. These dentinal tubules let the stimuli (hot, cold or sweet food) reach the nerve in your tooth, thus resulting in pain.  

Tooth sensitivity can either be temporary or chronic, and it can affect either one or several teeth or all the teeth in an individual. The number of causes may vary but most cases are easily treated with a change in the patient’s oral regimen.  

Causes for tooth Sensitivity

1.Hard brushing

Brushing too hard or using a hard bristled toothbrush can wear down the enamel and expose the dentin. It can also cause gum recession.  

2.Gum recession  

The root surface is exposed when the gums move away from the teeth because of underlying conditions such as periodontitis.  

3.Gum disease  

Inflamed and sore gums can cause sensitivity due to the loss of supporting ligaments that can expose the root surface which leads directly to the nerve of the tooth.  

4.Cracked teeth  

Chipped or broken teeth can be filled with bacteria from plaque and can enter the pulp, causing inflammation.  

5.Teeth grinding  

Clenching or grinding of the teeth wears down the enamel and can expose the dentin.  

6.Using tooth products that contain baking soda and peroxide  

The usage of toothpastes or tooth whitening products that contain baking soda and peroxide are the major contributors of tooth sensitivity.  

7.Age  

Tooth sensitivity is commonly witnessed in age groups between 25 to 30. 

8.Plaque buildup  

The buildup of plaque on root surfaces can cause tooth sensitivity.  

9.Mouthwash use  

Some mouthwashes contain acids that can worsen your tooth sensitivity if you have exposed dentin. These acids can further damage the dentin layer of the tooth. Prolonged use of such mouthwashes is a contributing factor to teeth sensitivity.  

10. Acidic foods  

Regular consumption of foods with high acid content such as citrus fruits, tomatoes, pickles and tea can cause enamel erosion thus leading to tooth sensitivity.  

11. Routine dental procedures  

Teeth cleaning, root planning, crown placement and tooth restoration can cause tooth sensitivity. However, sensitivity caused by such procedures is temporary and usually disappears in about four to six weeks.  

SYMPTOMS OF TOOTH SENSITIVITY  

1. Sensitiveness to temperature variations 
2. Unpleasant reactions such as pain and discomfort due to hot and cold foods and drinks
3. Pain during brushing or flossing  
4. sensitivity to sweet and acidic foods and beverages 

HOW TO REDUCE TOOTH SENSITIVITY  

• Maintain proper oral hygiene: Follow proper brushing and flossing techniques to thoroughly clean all parts of the teeth and mouth.  

• Use a soft-bristled toothbrush: This will reduce toothbrush abrasion on the tooth surface and less irritation on the gums. Brush gently around the gum line so as to not remove gum tissue.  

• Using a desensitizing toothpaste: There are several brands of toothpaste that help with tooth sensitivity. By using different brands, you can ultimately find one that works for you.   

• Watching your diet: Frequent consumption of unhealthy foods rich in acids can eventually wear down your enamel and expose the dentin. They may also play a hand in aggravating tooth sensitivity and the resulting pain.  

• Using fluoridated dental products: Regular use of fluoridated mouth rinse can decrease tooth sensitivity.  

• Avoid grinding your teeth: In case you grind or clench your teeth at night, use a mouthguard. 

• Regular visits at the dentist: Visit your dentist every six months for professional tooth cleaning, oral hygiene instructions and fluoride treatments.  

In addition to the above suggestions, there are certain dental procedures that can help in reducing tooth sensitivity. They are: 

• Bonding (white fillings) to cover exposed root surfaces. 
• Fluoride varnishes that are applied on exposed root surfaces. 
• Dentin sealers applied on exposed root surfaces.  

There are underlying medical conditions that can cause tooth sensitivity. In such cases, it is important to treat them before they can wear down the enamel and damage your teeth. Some of these diseases include GERD which can be treated with acid reducers and bulimia which should be treated under a psychiatrist. Receding gums can be avoided by brushing more gently and by maintaining proper oral hygiene. In cases of extreme sensitivity due to gum recession, the dentist might recommend a gum graft, in which tissue from the palate is placed over the root in order to protect the tooth.  

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Diseases and many other health conditions can affect your dental health and the resulting dental problems may affect other parts of your body. Failure in proper dental care can lead to other health adversities.

Proper oral hygiene habits such as brushing and flossing as well as reducing your sugar intake will help you avoid expensive dental procedures and long-term health issues.

As a top dental institute in Ernakulam, offering one of the best dental lab technician courses in Kerala, here is a detailed overview regarding the importance of dental health.

Importance of Dental Health

Good oral health results in good overall health. Since the mouth is the entry point to the digestive and respiratory tracts, some of the bacteria present in the mouth can cause diseases. The body’s natural defenses and good oral healthcare (such as brushing and flossing), keeps bacteria under control. However, the lack of proper hygiene can increase the level of bacteria to points that might to lead to oral infections such as tooth decay or gum disease.

Dental complications such as cavities and gum disease can affect your ability to eat and speak properly, cause pain and result in bad breath. Poor dental health can have a profound effect on your heart, diabetes, pregnancy, arthritis etc. negatively. Practicing good dental health can avoid such complications. Proper dental health will also improve your appearance and quality of life.

A healthy mouth will help maintain a healthy body. A connection between declining oral health and underlying systemic conditions has been discovered by researchers in recent times. Oral bacteria and inflammation can be associated with:

• Heart disease
• Endocarditis
• Premature birth
• Low birth weight

Bacteria can also spread from your oral cavity to your bloodstream causing infective endocarditis, which is a life-threatening infection of your heart valves.

Steps to Keep Your Teeth Healthy

• Brushing your teeth twice a day, preferably with fluoride toothpastes.
• Flossing at least once a day
• Lowering your daily sugar intake
• Having a diet rich in fruits and vegetables
• Avoiding tobacco-based products
• Drinking fluoridated water

Symptoms of Oral Health Issues

The following are reasons behind poor oral health. If you experience any of these symptoms beforehand, it is recommended to meet with your dentist as soon as possible.

• The presence of ulcers, sores or tender areas that do not heal even after a week or two
• Bleeding or swollen gums resulting from brushing or flossing
• Chronic bad breath
• Sensitivity to hot or cold beverages
• Toothache or prolonged pain
• Loose teeth
• Receding gums
• Pain from chewing or biting
• Swollen face or cheek
• Cracked or broken teeth
• Frequent dry mouth

Reasons Behind Poor Dental Health

The oral cavity consists of a variety of bacteria, fungi and viruses. Some of them belong there and constitute the normal flora of the mouth. Though harmless in small quantities, acid-producing bacteria tend to flourish under diets high in sugar. This acid dissolves tooth enamel and creates dental cavities.

Gingivitis is caused by the inflammation of gums due to accumulation of plaque which hardens and migrates down the length of your tooth if it isn’t removed regularly. Periodontitis is caused by increased inflammation which pulls your gums away from your teeth. It creates pockets which eventually collects pus.

Other factors that contribute to periodontitis and gingivitis are:

• Smoking
• Poor brushing
• Frequent indulgence in sugar-based snacks and drinks
• Diabetes
• Medicines that can reduce the amount of saliva in the mouth
• Family history or genetics
• HIV or AIDS
• Hormonal changes in women
• Acid reflux or heartburn

Types of Dental and Oral Diseases Resulting from Poor Oral Hygiene

1. Cavities: They are also known as caries and tooth decay. These are parts of the tooth that have been permanently damaged and can even have holes in them. It occurs due to the accumulation of plaque when bacteria, food and acid coat your teeth. This acid can eat away the enamel and the underlying dentin or connective tissue. When left unattended, it can lead to permanent damage.

2. Gum Disease: This is inflammation of the gums. Usually, it is the result of plaque building up on your teeth due to poor brushing and flossing habits. It is also known as gingivitis. Untreated gingivitis gives rise to a much more serious infection known as periodontitis.

3. Periodontitis: The progression of this infection can spread it throughout the jaw and the bones. It can create an inflammatory response throughout the body.

4. Cracked or broken teeth: Teeth can crack or break from an injury to the mouth, chewing hard food or grinding the teeth.

5. Sensitive Teeth: This is the discomfort experienced after having hot or cold food items or beverages. It can happen temporarily due to a root canal or filling, or it can be the result of receding gums, gum disease, cracked tooth or worn-down fillings or crowns.

6. Oral Cancer: This includes cancer of the gums, tongue, lips, cheek, floor of the mouth, hard and soft palate.

Treating Dental Problems

A professional cleaning is a must even if you take very good care of your teeth. Regular visits to your dentist can also help point out early symptoms of any underlying oral disease before it is too late. The following methods help in preventing various kinds of oral health problems.

• Cleaning
• Fluoride treatments
• Antibiotics
• Fillings, crowns and sealants
• Probiotics
• Root canal
• Change in daily habits

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Common causes of tooth damage include cavities occurring due to plaque accumulation, cracked or broken teeth due to an accident or trauma, gum diseases, and repeated dental treatment of a particular tooth. These can cause pulp inflammation, infection, or cause irreparable damage to the pulp which can cause excruciating pain. The pain may reduce as the pulp dies but recur as the infection spreads. Removing injured pulp is the best way to preserve the structure of the tooth. Root canal is carried out by a general dentist or endodontist while the patient is under local anesthesia.

As one of the Top dental institutes in Ernakulam, We Cochin Dental Institute provides  all the information you need to know about root canal treatments including the purpose, procedure and the risks involved.

PROCEDURE

1. Anesthesia: A numbing medication is administered on the gum adjacent to the affected tooth. Once the effect has taken place, a local anesthetic will be injected into the gums.
2. Removing the pulp: After the tooth and its surrounding areas become numb, an opening is drilled through the crown or the biting surface of the tooth by the endodontist to access the pulp chamber. Once the infected part is exposed, it is carefully removed by the specialist using files. The specialist also cleans out the canals in your tooth carefully.
3. Antibiotics: Once the infected area is removed, the area is coated with antibiotics to avoid the possibility of reinfection. Once the canals are cleaned and disinfected, the dentist seals the tooth with a sealer paste and a rubber-like material called gutta-percha. They may also prescribe oral antibiotics
4. Temporary filling: The end of the procedure consists of filling the small opening in the tooth with a soft temporary material. This sealant prevents damage of the canals by saliva.

POST TREATMENT

1. Take the antibiotics prescribed by the dentist regularly.
2. Maintain good oral hygiene, with regular brushing and flossing
3. It is advised not to drink or eat anything for a couple hours after root canal treatment.
4. Avoid hard and crunchy foods for a few days after treatment.
5. If the opening in your teeth was filled with the help of temporary filling, chances are it may wear off between appointments. If the entire filling wears off, consult your dentist immediately.

ELIGIBILITY

The following people are not eligible for root canal treatment:

• People suffering from hypertension or high blood pressure
• People who take blood thinners
• People suffering from diabetes
• People suffering from autoimmune diseases
• People suffering from infections and fever
• People suffering from osteoporosis

SIDE EFFECTS

• A common side effect is a dull pain in the tooth which usually vanishes a week after the treatment. However, by any chance, if the bacteria remain after the procedure, the infection may begin again. Which is why it is advised to visit the dentist if the pain stops after a while and recurs again.
• At times there may be a crack in the tooth which may go unnoticed by the endodontist. If so, the crack leaves the area exposed for infection.
• The crown may come loose which may expose the treated tooth. If left exposed for too long, the seal may erode leaving the area exposed to bacteria and infection.
• The use of defective materials during the filling process, can cause the seal to erode which may lead to recurrence of bacterial infection.

COMPLICATIONS

As with all medical and dental procedures, there are certain risks involved in root canal surgery. Listed below are some factors that can cause root canal complications such as:

• Persistence of bacteria

The presence of bacteria within the treated tooth or at the tip of the root can cause root canal failure. This is why it is important to properly clean and sterilize the canals during treatment. You might also need a course of antibiotics to prevent risk of infection.

• Inadequate filling

Underfilled or overfilled canals have a higher chance of failure.

• Improper sealing

A final restoration that not only strengthens the tooth but also provides an adequate sealing to prevent infections through bacteria is important. Which is why the dentist assesses the treated area to make sure that the crown fits perfectly over your tooth.

• Broken instruments

Root canals are carried out with the help of fine instruments that can help the dentist clean out any bacteria and residual tissue in the canal while preparing it for sealing. Sometimes, these delicate instruments may be damaged. This can affect the success of the treatment.

• Untreated canals

Sometimes, teeth may have more canals than roots which may be difficult to find and navigate. If a canal goes unnoticed, it may cause additional complications.

RISKS

1. Color change

Dental pulp is the living part within your teeth. When this is infected, it must be removed through root canal therapy. Whilst this saves your tooth from extraction, the living part of it is taken away. Tooth pulp consists of connective tissue, blood vessels and nerves. Once the pulp is taken away, the tooth essentially dies. Due to this, some patients experience some form of discoloration in their teeth.

2. Sinus congestion

A fairly common risk with root canals is that they can cause sinus problems. This is due to the slight leak of the liquid of your jaw through the membranes in your nose. While this is not life threatening, inflammation in sinus cavities can cause congestion and headaches.

3. Reinfection

Reinfection can happen if the treatment is carried out incorrectly. Before using fillers, it is important to clean and disinfect the tooth canals. If not carried out by a specialist, these passageways can be overlooked or inaccessible. The most common risk is that of seal failure. Once treatment is over, the access hole used for the procedure must be sealed. Any cracks or gaps in the seal can increase chance of reinfection.

4. Cracked tooth

As the tooth dies during root canal procedure, the treated tooth may not be as strong as it was before and could be quite brittle. Its because the main role of the pulp was to keep the tooth nourished and moisturized. It is why crowns are recommended post root canal treatment to strengthen the outer area of the tooth again.

5. Other complications

It is possible that the surrounding nerves around the affected tooth can be disrupted after treatment. In some cases, numbness surrounds the area. Another root canal risk is allergy to anesthesia. If you have experienced an allergic reaction to anesthesia during a medical procedure, it is important to inform your dentist immediately.

COST

Typically, the cost of a root canal ranges between 2000 INR to 10,000 INR. The cost of a root canal also varies depending on the city or locality, clinic, work experience, the number of teeth, the type of crown material used etc.

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Dental implants have considerable advantages over dentures, which are removable artificial teeth.

The advantages are as follows:

• More natural and comfortable.
• Improvement in speech
• Improvement in appearance
• Improved self esteem
• Improved oral health
• Higher success rate
• Improvement in chewing function
• Have a lower risk of cavities
• Better maintenance of bone at the site of the lost tooth
• Decreased tooth sensitivity
• They need not be taken out and cleaned every night
• Durable
• Convenient

However, there is one disadvantage- dental implants are not suitable for everyone. The implanting devices and the jawbone must bond perfectly, hence, a person’s bone must be healthy before they can undergo surgery.

TYPES OF DENTAL IMPLANTS

There are two types of dental implants:

1. Endosteal implants- These are the most common types of implants. They are embedded in the jawbone and each one can hold at least one or more artificial teeth.
2. Subperiosteal implant- These are affixed to the top of the jawbone. This is an option chosen by surgeons for patients who do not have much height to their jawbone.

STEPS INVOLVED

• The first step is an individualized treatment plan which addresses a patient’s specific needs and is prepared by professionals specially trained in oral surgery and restorative dentistry.
• Root Implant is the next step. It is a small post made of titanium which is placed into the bone socket of the missing tooth. When the jawbone heals, it slowly grows around the implanted metal post, securing it in the jaw. The healing process takes around from six to twelve weeks.
• Once the implant has bonded securely to the jawbone, an abutment (a small connector post) is attached to the post to secure the new tooth tightly in place.
• The new tooth, or teeth, is made with the help of the impressions of your teeth, which then the dentist uses to create a model of your bite. The new tooth is based on this mode. The dentist then attaches the replacement tooth, or crown, to the abutment.
• The implant is created in such a way that it matches the color of your natural teeth. As the implant is tightly secured within your jawbone, it looks, feels and functions just like regular teeth.

EXCEPTIONS

Not all people are eligible for dental implants. It is not safe for surgeons to operate on patients with:

1. Acute illness
2. Uncontrollable metabolic disease
3. Bone or soft tissue disease or infection

These people can undergo surgery only if these issues are resolved.

There are some cases in which the surgeons refrain from operating on the patients with-

1. Heavy smoking habits
2. Parafunctional habits (tooth clenching or grinding)
3. Psychiatric or behavioral disorders
4. HIV
5. Diabetes
6. Osteoporosis
7. AIDS

These patients have a higher risk of facing dental implant failure.

In some situations, like the following, the surgeons may choose not to operate on the patients due to an increased risk of complications.

1. Bisphosphonate drug treatment (for bone loss diseases)
2. Chemotherapy
3. Radiation therapy for head and neck

FACTORS INFLUENCING DENTAL IMPLANTS

The experience undergone by each patient is different. The factors that may influence dental implants are as follows:

1. The number of teeth that require replacement
2. The location of the implants within the jaw
3. The quality and quantity of bone at the implant site
4. The patient’s oral and systemic health

Depending on these procedures, additional procedures such as sinus augmentation or ridge modification may be necessary.

MAINTENANCE

A person that has underwent dental implant surgery must brush and floss their teeth regularly. Artificial teeth must be maintained and cared for in the same way as natural teeth. Follow-up visits to monitor the health of your teeth and gums would be scheduled by your dental surgeons.

It is important to visit your dentist every six months for professional clean-ups.

COST

The cost of dental implants can be influenced by the following factors:

1. Number and types of implants required.
2. Location of the implants within the jaw.
3. The need for additional procedures to prepare the mouth before surgery.

A close estimate for the cost of dental implant surgery can be determined by your dentist in the initial examination. Other tooth implants, like bridges, may be less expensive, but they are harder to clean and often require replacement and repair, thereby increasing overall cost. Dental implants, though expensive are much preferred as they offer long-term benefits if taken care of properly.

In conclusion, dental implants are bone fixtures used to replace missing teeth. They have a higher success rate and long-term benefits as long as they are maintained with utmost care and perfection. A person who has undergone dental implant surgery has to visit the dentist regularly in order monitor the health of your teeth and gums.

Dental implants are known to increase a sense of self esteem and confidence. They also are more durable, convenient, natural and comfortable. In some cases, additional procedures are involved before the patient undergoes dental implant surgery. The number and the types of implants required decide the cost of the surgery.

It is important to ask the surgeon if undergoing an implant surgery is suitable for you or not.

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The most common age groups that undergo cosmetic dental procedures are between the ages of 31 to 40 years and 41 to 50 years. About 96 percent of these patients are female.

TYPES OF COSMETIC DENTISTRY

Cosmetic dentistry may involve the following:

1. Addition of a dental material to your teeth or gums. (E.g.- bonding, veneers, crowns, gum grafts etc.)
2. The removal of a tooth structure or gums
3. Neither addition nor removal of any dental materials, tooth structure or gums. (E.g.- teeth whitening)
4. Straightening of teeth along with improvement in appearance of face.
5. Veneers or dental laminates
6. Scaling

• Whitening

This is considered as one of the most common cosmetic dental procedures. This is a safe process which is effective for most patients. Another type of teeth whitening technique is laser whitening, which involves gums covered with rubber dams and bleaching chemicals applied to the teeth. A beam of argon laser is then projected upon the teeth which accelerates the process of bleaching. Laser whitening is considered to be six times more effective than normal teeth whitening.

• Reshaping

Tooth reshaping involves removing parts of the enamel to improve the appearance of a tooth. It can be used to correct a small chip, length, shape or position of teeth, even when there is tooth size discrepancy. This process can also be used for correcting crooked or excessively long teeth. This process offers fast results and under certain circumstances can be used as an alternative to braces.

• Bonding

Bonding is a process in which an enamel like dental material, colour matched to the patient’s teeth is applied to a tooth’s surface, sculpted, hardened and then polished. Inlays and onlays are some examples of bonded restorations, which is used to repair decayed and cracked teeth. Teeth which are damaged by small or moderate decay, erosion or small fractures can be repaired with the help of direct composite restorations bonded to the teeth.

• Bridging

Dental bridges are used to substitute one or more missing teeth. This procedure is used to replace missing teeth and is cemented in. Most bridges are fixed and therefore cannot be removed. Cantilever bridges are used in areas of the mouth prone to less stress, such as the front teeth. Bridges require serious attention to oral hygiene and carry risks. The average life of bridges is similar to those of crowns, which is nearly ten years.

• Veneers

These are an ultra-thin, custom-made porcelain laminates which are bonded directly to the teeth. Veneers are an option for closing gaps, enhancing the shape, or changing the colour of teeth that do not respond well to whitening procedures.  Mock-ups are used as a tooth preparation guide before the fabrication of veneers. These allow the dentist to visualize any necessary changes to be done on the patient’s teeth with respect to shape, size, proportion, its relation to with gingival-contour, lip contour and smile line. It also gives clinicians an opportunity to check if they need any more corrections.

• Implants

These are prosthetic replacements for missing teeth. According to ICOI, there are three common parts which can be described as an implant- the implant device which is mainly made of titanium, the abutment, a dental crown or a denture connected to the implant through the abutment.

• Gum lifts

A gum lift is a cosmetic procedure that raises and sculpts the gum line. In this procedure, the tissue or underlying bones are reshaped to create the appearance of longer or more symmetrical teeth.

• Straightening

This process is used to correct crowded or misaligned teeth with the help of metal braces or clear aligners which is used as an alternative to metal braces. Clear aligners provide comparable results to metal braces and are generally more preferable due to them being less noticeable than metal braces.

• Bite reclamation

This is for patients that have years of excessive wear to their teeth due to grinding or acid reflux. This causes them to have a shorter or closed look to their face and smile. A qualified professional can reclaim their vertical dimension by opening up their bite.

Out of all these procedures, tooth bleaching, enamel bonding, dental veneers, Invisalign braces and enamel abrasions are the most common cosmetic dental procedures.

Treatment and whitening of teeth. Before and after cosmetic Dentistry. Close-up.

 EDUCATION AND TRAINING

Cosmetic dentistry is a widely practiced industry. Most cosmetic dentists receive training through other dental programs. Program training usually includes orthodontics, pain management, dental history and law, cosmetic dentistry and oral medicine.

REASONS TO VISIT A COSMETIC DENTIST

Some of the common reasons to visit a cosmetic dentist are as follows:

• Tooth decay
• Damages like cracked or chipped tooth
• Crooked teeth
• Misshapen teeth
• Discoloration
• Missing teeth

Most people having damaged, discolored, crooked or decaying teeth may have difficulty eating and speaking. For others, dental issues can cause problems in self-esteem. People may resign from participating in social activities due to their reluctance and embarrassment in smiling. Such insecurities can be prevented by visiting a cosmetic dentist who can improve the condition of your teeth.

We hope this article was helpful for you. We are a dental lab technician institute based in Cochin that offers one of the best dental lab technician courses in Kerala. We are also considered as one among the top dental institutes in Ernakulam. If you are interested, we would be happy to help you in paving your way for the future.

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